![]() Perspectives on psychological science, 11, 3–23. Top 10 replicated findings from behavioral genetics. 2009( re)defining disability in the “genetic age”: behavioral genetics, “new” eugenics and the future of impairment. ![]() Bjorklund pp 3-18 New York Guilford Press, ↵ Origins of the Social Mind: Evolutionary Psychology and Child Development, Bruce J.Evolution and human behavior, 28, 399 –402 ↵ 2007 morbid jealousy from an evolutionary psychological perspective. Easton, JM., Schipper, L., And Shackleford, T.Washington, DC: American psychological Association ↵ Buss, A.H 2012 Pathways to individuality: evolution and development of personality traits.Buss The Evolution of Desire: Strategies of Human Mating BasicBooks, ↵ For example, we may admit that jealousy helps individuals to survive more effectively, but how do we prove it? All things considered however, the evolutionary approach is continually stimulating research on how our biological inheritance at least partially influences our traits and behaviors. Other critics argue that there is no good way to experimentally test theories derived from this approach because humans evolved so long ago. Some developmental psychologists are concerned over too much emphasis on genetic and biological aspects of behavior and suggest that the evolutionary perspective places insufficient attention on environmental and social factors involved in producing children’s and adults behavior. However, applications of the evolutionary perspective have been subjected to considerable criticism. There is a general acceptance that Darwin’s evolutionary theory provides an accurate description of basic genetic processes and that the evolutionary perspective is increasingly visible in the field of lifespan development. It also considers how genetic factors may influence psychological disorders such as schizophrenia, depression and substance abuse. Behavioral geneticists strive to understand how we might inherit certain behavioral traits and how the environment influences whether we actually displayed those traits. Behavioral genetics is a field of scientific research that uses genetic methods to investigate the nature and origins of individual differences in behavior and studies the effects of heredity on behavior. The evolutionary perspective encompasses one of the fastest-growing areas within the field of lifespan development: behavioral genetics. ![]() Imprinting is hypothesized to have a critical period. It was first used to describe situations in which an animal or person learns the characteristics of some stimulus, which is therefore said to be “imprinted” onto the subject. In psychology and ethology, imprinting is any kind of phase-sensitive learning (learning occurring at a particular age or a particular life stage) that is rapid and apparently independent of the consequences of behavior. ![]() Although Lorenz did not discover the topic, he became widely known for his descriptions of imprinting as an instinctive bond. birds that leave their nest early) bond instinctively with the first moving object that they see within the first hours of hatching. Working with geese, he investigated the principle of imprinting, the process by which some nidifugous birds (i.e. Lorenz’s work led developmentalists to consider the ways in which human behavior might reflect inborn genetic patterns. The primary proponent of ethology was Konrad Lorenz, who discovered that newborn geese are genetically pre-programmed to become attached to the first moving object they see after birth. The evolutionary perspective draws heavily on the field of ethology, which examines the ways in which our biological makeup influences our behavior. Through a process known as imprinting, birds who leave the nest early attach to the first moving object they see. The mirroring of the actions of other people in one’s brain allows an understanding from within of the other’s intentions, motivation, and feelings.Figure 2. A crucial neural system for empathy is the mirror neuron system, formed by cells with a variety of properties and the shared feature of being activated during the actions of the self and the perception of actions of other people. Lack of empathy is associated with severe mental health conditions including psychopathy, narcissism, and antisocial personality disorder.Įmpathy is a complex, flexible, adaptive, and nuanced function for navigating social settings that involves the interplay of multiple neural systems. ![]() It is also typically higher for people who belong to one’s own social group and lower for people who belong to a different social group. Empathy is essential to properly function in social interactions. It extends also to the ability to understand and share the feelings of animals and fictional characters. Empathy is the ability to understand and share the feelings of other people. ![]()
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